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Fwd: 鄙人建议对文革史有研究兴趣者，应当阅读一下这篇视野特开阔的访谈《金大陆：关于“文革”研究的新思路》，今天国人对文革的认知，很大程度上是建立在邓小平的文

金大陆 : 关于"文革"研究的新思路_共识网

21ccom.net

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Fwd: Robot wars: after drones, a line we must not cross | Christof Heyns

We are on the dangerous threshold of investing in machines the power to make autonomous life-or-death decisions over humans

Drones are becoming dated technology: we may now be able to hand over some of the life-and-death decisions of war to robots.

From the perspective of those engaged in modern warfare, lethal autonomous robots (LARs) offer distinct advantages. They have the potential to process information and to act much faster than humans in situations where nanoseconds could make the difference. They also do not act out of fear, revenge or innate cruelty, as humans sometimes do.

A drone still involves a human "in the loop" – someone, somewhere presses the button. This is slowed down by satellite communications (think of the time-lag when foreign correspondents speak on TV) and these communications can be interrupted by the enemy. So why not take the human "out of the loop", and install an on-board computer that, independently, is able to identify and to trigger deadly force against targets without human intervention?

There are good reasons to be cautious about permitting this.

On a practical level, it is hardly clear that robotic systems can meet the minimum requirements set by the law of war for lethal decision-making. Popular culture, including sci-fi, celebrates the capabilities of robots, but robots are good at what they do only within a narrow range: their sensors give them tunnel-vision information and they are largely wired for quantitative work.

Soldiers in battle may lawfully target only combatants, and not civilians. Will a computer be able to make the value judgment that a group of people in plain clothing carrying rifles are not enemy combatants but hunters – or soldiers surrendering?

Civilian loss of life as "collateral damage" can be lawful only if it is proportionate to the military objective. This is essentially a qualitative judgement, requiring in many cases experience and common sense and an understanding of the larger picture t

...

Click the link below to continue onto the full article

http://www.guardian.co.uk/commentisfree/2013/jun/19/robot-wars-drones-life-death-decisions

Fwd: 思考，快与慢

该书出现了球与球拍的例子，似乎哪里见过？

《美国科学院院报》最近报道了损耗对判决的影响这一问题的研究情况。在这项研究中，8位不知情的受试者全部是以色列的保释官。他们每天都要审阅保释申请，而且不是按这些保释申请的时间顺序审阅的，这些保释官在每份申请上所用的时间很少，平均只有6分钟。（弃权相当于拒绝保释，只有35%的申请能获准通过。这些保释官作出每个决定所用的时间都有精确的记录，而且他们一日三餐的餐歇时间也有记录，分别是早餐时间、午餐时间和午间休息时间。）这项研究的设计者对两次餐歇间所能获得批准的申请数量进行了预测，结果发现每次用餐过后，获得批准的申请数量都会增加，有约65%的申请得到了批准。在保释官下一次用餐前的约两个小时内，批准率就开始稳步下降，在用餐之前刚好达到零。如你预想，这种结果令人难以接受，但各位设计者已经认真审核并排除了很多其他的原因。对这个数据最合理的解释却带来了负面信息：又累又饿的保释官容易否定保释申请。疲劳和饥饿都有可能影响他们的决定。

Fwd: 南航广州/伦敦 15MAY/20MAY 票价

---------- Forwarded message ----------
From: <no-reply@evernote.com>
Date: Thu, Apr 17, 2014 at 2:02 AM
Subject: 南航广州/伦敦 15MAY/20MAY 票价
To: @gmail.com

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南航广州/伦敦 15MAY/20MAY 票价

南方航空非常有意思，国际票价在官网上的FARE BASIS在CRS ETERM上不适用。测试时间4/17/2014 1:03 AM

rt                                                                           
1.  CZ303  E   TH15MAY  CANLHR DK1   0930 1525          787 C 0 RE --T4    
2.  CZ304  E   TU20MAY  LHRCAN DK1   2235 1720+1        787 C 0 RE T4--

qte:/cz                                                                      
FSI/CZ                                                                        
S CZ   303E15MAY CAN0930 1525LHR0S    787                                     
S CZ   304E20MAY LHR2235>1720CAN0S    787                                     
01 ELESQE6             10043 CNY                    INCL TAX                  
*SYSTEM DEFAULT-CHECK OPERATING CARRIER                                       
*TKT STOCK RESTR                                                              
*ATTN PRICED ON 17APR14*0050                                                  
CAN                                                                          
LON ELESQE6         NVB15MAY NVA15MAY 1PC                                    
CAN ELESQE6         NVB20MAY NVA20MAY 1PC                                    
FARE  CNY    6200                                                             
TAX   CNY     90CN CNY    888GB CNY   2865XT                                  
TOTAL CNY   10043                                                             
15MAY14CAN CZ LON505.62CZ CAN505.62NUC1011.24END ROE6.130990                  
XT CNY 415UB CNY 50YQ CNY 2400YR                                              
ENDOS *Q/NONEND                                                               
ENDOS *PENALTY/NOSHOW APPLIES                                                 
*AUTO BAGGAGE INFORMATION AVAILABLE - SEE FSB                                 
RFSONLN/1E /EFEP_19/FCC=T/

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21Feb14

發信人: feidaowang (小李飛刀的飛刀), 信區: Military

標  題: Re: 一人一票制民主真的有很大問題

發信站: BBS 未名空間站 (Thu Feb 20 00:31:32 2014, 美東)

憑啥﹖這塊土地的原主人沒了﹐誰佔了就是誰的。國內的有限資源留給國內的兄弟姐妹

了﹐我們要給我們後代打下大大的一片土地。

【 在 Trotsky (列夫‧達維多維奇‧托洛茨基) 的大作中提到: 】

: 沒要你抱幻想啊

: 你別幻想了﹐回國啊

發信人: ilikelab (iamaguy), 信區: Military

標  題: Re: 一人一票制民主真的有很大問題

發信站: BBS 未名空間站 (Thu Feb 20 03:15:38 2014, 美東)

中國人要做的﹐更重要的是參與政治﹐把民主黨自由派和支持老黑以及老莫非法移民的

無恥政客選下去。同時可以google NumbersUSA, 這是一個美國最大的反對非法移民合

法化的組織﹐可以加入免費vote against amnesty.

 Houston現在人口組成有40%多的老墨﹐20%多的老黑﹐白人隻有20%多。美國尤其以奧黑

為主的政治家為了一己之私﹐出賣美國利益﹐讓大批非法移民合法化﹐必然使以後美國

主體民族成為老墨老黑為主,而白人會成為少數民族並被逐漸邊緣化,而以智力和勤奮而

非體力和暴力見長的亞洲人在老黑老莫高犯罪率弱肉強食的原始叢林中求生存是非常不

容易的。白人哪怕虛偽點還會和你講點民主人道﹐你想指望黑人和老墨成為主流後對你

講民主平等人權﹐那是與虎謀皮﹐不殺你全家搶光你的錢姦淫你的女人和女兒你就要阿

彌陀佛了。況且人口素質是一個國家興亡的本質基礎﹐大量的老黑老墨層為美國主體後

﹐美國必然衰敗,除非現在開始矯正民主黨自由派的非法移民政策以及對黑人的妥協縱容.

有投票選舉權的國人為了自己和後代的利益﹐也一定要把民主黨和自由派選下去。更要

把為了選票和政治捐款想讓非法移民老莫合法化的卑鄙政客選下去。那些支持民主黨的

投民主黨和奧黑票的﹐如果你不是偷渡客或者吃福利的為自己短期私利而那樣做﹐那麼

你就是腦殘無極限。

老墨也是很差勁的民族﹐不比老黑好多少﹐而且由於能生﹐比老黑更可怕。老黑的人口

比例從1776年建國到現在基本維持在12%﹐而老莫人口如不嚴加控制以後會成為美國的

主體民族。老莫是有不少打苦力的﹐但很多因為是非法移民﹐隻有打苦工才能填飽肚子。等把他們合法化﹐給了身份﹐還能指望他們象現在這樣肯幹了嗎﹖人性如此﹐到時候老黑吃福利的隊伍又擴大新成員了。老墨犯罪率高不高﹖你到加州看看﹐監獄裡都關著老莫的名字的犯人比例非常非常高（Perez, Sanchez,Ganzalus, Garcia.....)。休斯頓不好的小區無一例外是老墨或者老黑的比例高。如果說老黑是散兵遊勇﹐老墨的犯罪活動更有嚴格組織性和策略﹐手段也更殘忍和無情。這點你看看墨西哥的斬首﹐分屍﹐吊在高速公路大橋上的屍體就知道了。美國在這樣民主黨縱容非法移民﹐不取消非法移民出生公民權﹐美國30-50年以後就算完了。

轉幾個老墨的視頻﹐真他媽牛逼。。。

http://www.liveleak.com/view?i=94f_1343002966&comments=1

http://www.liveleak.com/view?i=e86_1361512345

這也許就是民主黨小左liberal塑造的美國的明天。

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※ 來源:‧WWW 未名空間站 海外: mitbbs.com 中國: mitbbs.cn‧[FROM: 66.]

全文鏈接  ﹕http://mitbbs.com/article1/Military/41107097_3_0.html

同主題鏈接﹕http://mitbbs.com/article_t/Military/41105927.html

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